I've always loved hearing about our heritage as an industry. This article reminded me of when I made a pilgrimage to the Computer History Museum in Mountain View and saw a replica (working!) Babbage Engine amongst a bunch of ancient and obsoleted hardware. It's fascinating to see the progress we've made in only a few decades!

PDF facsimiles of some original manuals are here: http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/pdf/ibm/704/

In addition to the manual for the computer itself, describing the assembly language and so forth, these include documentation for the earliest versions of Fortran.

Bitsavers has a lot of neat stuff on all sorts of old computers, including other old IBM systems, the B5500, (recently mentioned here) and a whole lot of old DEC equipment.